Research-informed health explainers
Plain-language guides to conditions, treatments, and medications — each one grounded in peer-reviewed research from the specialists in our directory.
65 articles · Page 2 of 6
Combination DMARDs vs Biologic Monotherapy for RA
Evidence-based comparison of combination DMARD therapy vs biologic monotherapy for RA — what major trials show and how guidelines weigh in.
Joan Bathon, M.D. · Kenneth Saag, MD · John Tesser, MD · Alan Kivitz, MD · Charles Ludivico, MD
Compounded Semaglutide vs Ozempic: Safety Concerns
What the evidence shows about compounded semaglutide versus brand-name Ozempic — purity, dosing accuracy, regulatory status, and what to ask your doctor.
Ildiko Lingvay · John Buse · Caroline Apovian
Craniopharyngioma: Surgery vs Radiation Treatment
Surgery and radiation both treat craniopharyngioma, but they carry different risks. Here is what the research says about when each approach is used.
Beverly Biller, MD · Maria Fleseriu, MD · Baha Arafah, MD · Laurence Katznelson, MD
Diabetic Neuropathy Progression: How to Slow It Down
Evidence-based guide to the factors that drive diabetic neuropathy progression and the interventions — glucose control, exercise, and lifestyle — with the strongest evidence for slowing it.
Rodica Busui, MD, PHD · Eva Feldman, MD · Brian Callaghan, MD
ERCP vs EUS: Which Procedure Do You Need?
Plain-language comparison of ERCP and EUS for pancreatic and bile duct problems — what each does, when doctors choose one over the other, and what the research shows.
Robert Hawes, MD · Mark Topazian, M.D. · Muhammad Hasan, MD · Michael Kochman, MD
Estrogen Patches vs. Injections: Routes of Administration
Compare estrogen patches and injections for hormone therapy — covering pharmacokinetics, estradiol levels, bone health, and how each route affects the body.
Danit Ariel, MD · Joanna Spencer-Segal, MD · Brian Swiglo, M.D.
EUS vs CT-Guided Biopsy for Pancreatic Mass: Key Differences
EUS-guided vs CT-guided biopsy for pancreatic masses: diagnostic accuracy, needle seeding risk, staging advantage, and when CT guidance is the better choice.
Robert Hawes, MD · Michael Kochman, MD · Dayna Early, MD · Muhammad Hasan, MD
Gabapentin vs Pregabalin for Neuropathic Pain: Key Differences
Evidence-based comparison of gabapentin and pregabalin for neuropathic pain, including efficacy data, dosing differences, side effects, and when each is preferred.
Michael Rowbotham, M.D. · Eva Feldman, MD · Charles Argoff, MD
GLP-1 for PCOS: Does It Help?
GLP-1 medications are not FDA-approved for PCOS, but emerging evidence supports off-label use in women with overweight and insulin resistance — the metabolic drivers of PCOS symptoms.
Ildiko Lingvay, MD · Anne Peters, M.D. · Kenneth Cusi, MD
GLP-1 Side Effects: How to Manage Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea is the top reason people stop GLP-1 medications. Here is what the STEP trials found and how to manage it.
Ildiko Lingvay, MD · Anne Peters, M.D. · John Buse, MD
High-Volume vs Community Orthopedic Surgeon: Outcomes
Does it matter how many joint replacements or ACL repairs your orthopedic surgeon has performed? A research-grounded look at volume-outcome evidence for the most common orthopedic procedures.
Adolph Lombardi, MD · Giles Scuderi, M.D. · Brian Cole, M.D.
HRT vs bisphosphonates for osteoporosis: key differences
HRT and bisphosphonates both prevent fractures, but they work differently and carry different risks. Here is how to compare them for postmenopausal bone loss.
Kenneth Saag, MD · Chad Deal, MD · Robin Dore, MD · Paula Rackoff, MD