Research-informed health explainers
Plain-language guides to conditions, treatments, and medications — each one grounded in peer-reviewed research from the specialists in our directory.
65 articles · Page 3 of 6
Immunotherapy vs Chemotherapy for Cancer: Key Differences
Plain-language comparison of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, grounded in landmark trials across melanoma, lung cancer, and kidney cancer.
Jedd Wolchok, MD · Julie Brahmer, M.D. · Toni Choueiri, M.D.
Inclisiran vs PCSK9 Inhibitors: Injection Frequency
Inclisiran requires 2 injections per year; PCSK9 antibodies need up to 26. Both cut LDL by roughly 50%. Here is how to choose between them.
Anne Goldberg, MD · Eliot Brinton, MD · Robert Eckel, MD
JAK Inhibitor vs Biologic for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Evidence-based comparison of JAK inhibitors and biologics for RA, including efficacy data, safety tradeoffs, and how rheumatologists decide between them.
Alan Kivitz, MD · Charles Ludivico, MD · Kenneth Saag, MD · Jeffrey Sparks, MD · Jeffrey Curtis, MD
Joint Pain: Rheumatologist or Orthopedic Surgeon?
Plain-language guide to choosing between a rheumatologist and an orthopedic surgeon for joint pain, grounded in clinical research on inflammatory and structural joint disease.
Marc Hochberg, M.D. · Kenneth Saag, MD · Jeffrey Curtis, MD
LASIK vs SMILE: Which Laser Eye Surgery Is Right for You?
Compare LASIK and SMILE laser eye surgery on safety, dry eye risk, corneal strength, recovery, and candidacy — grounded in peer-reviewed research.
James Randleman, M.D. · William Dupps, MD · Ayad Farjo, M.D. · Sandeep Jain, M.D. · Kerry Solomon, MD
Limited vs Diffuse Scleroderma: Prognosis Differences
Limited and diffuse scleroderma have distinct prognosis patterns. Learn how skin involvement, organ complications, and autoantibodies shape long-term outcomes.
Laura Hummers, M.D. · Dinesh Khanna, M.D. · John Varga, MD · Kristin Highland, M.D. · Flavia Castelino, M.D.
Medication Overuse Headache: How to Break the Cycle
Evidence-based guide to recognizing, stopping, and preventing rebound headache caused by overuse of pain medications, triptans, and opioids.
Richard Lipton, MD · Charles Argoff, MD · Peter Goadsby, MD
Menopause Hormone Therapy: Benefits and Risks
Evidence-based breakdown of menopause hormone therapy benefits and risks — hot flashes, bone loss, cardiovascular effects, cognition — and when HRT is appropriate.
Emily Szmuilowicz, M.D. · Eliot Brinton, MD · Sundeep Khosla, M.D. · Ellen Seely, MD
Migraine vs. Ocular Flare: How to Tell the Difference
Eye pain, light sensitivity, and blurred vision can mean a migraine or an ocular flare. Here is how to tell them apart and when each needs urgent care.
Eric Suhler, MD · Careen Lowder, MD · Shree Kurup, M.D. · Ashley Crane, M.D. · Nandini Venkateswaran, M.D.
Migraine vs Tension Headache: How to Tell the Difference
Plain-language guide to distinguishing migraine from tension-type headache using ICHD diagnostic criteria, with implications for treatment.
Peter Goadsby, MD · Richard Lipton, MD · David Borsook, MD PHD
Migraine with Aura and Stroke Risk: What to Know
Evidence-based explainer on the connection between migraine with aura and ischemic stroke, including what raises or lowers risk and when to talk to a neurologist.
Peter Goadsby, MD · Richard Lipton, MD · David Borsook, MD PHD
Gastric Emptying Scan vs Wireless Capsule: Key Differences
Gastric emptying scan vs wireless capsule motility testing compared on accuracy, convenience, and what each test reveals about your digestive system.
Thomas Abell, MD · Linda Anh Nguyen, M.D. · Prashanthi Thota, MD · Allen Lee, M.D.